基于挑战-应答机制的量子密钥分发协议

J4 ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 452-458.

基于挑战-应答机制的量子密钥分发协议

王海红,赵生妹,巩龙延

1 南京邮电大学信息物理研究中心, 应用物理系，江苏南京 210003；
2 南京邮电大学信号与信息处理研究院，江苏南京 210003

收稿日期:2014-09-25 修回日期:2014-11-27 出版日期:2015-07-28 发布日期:2015-08-04
通讯作者: 巩龙延（1976- ）江苏人，教授，硕士生导师，从事量子信息与统计物理交叉、量子信息处理以及安全协议的研究和教学。 E-mail:lygong@njupt.edu.cn
作者简介:王海红（1990- ），女，山东人，研究生，从事量子信息处理以及安全协议的研究。Email: happy.haihong@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金( 61271238 )，江苏省青蓝工程基金，南京邮电大学校基金( XK0070913126 )

A Quantum Key Distribution Protocol Based on Challenge-Response Mechanism

WANG Hai-hong, ZHAO Sheng-mei, GONG Long-yan

1 Research Center of Information Physics, Department of Applied Physics , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003,China；
2 Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China

Received:2014-09-25 Revised:2014-11-27 Published:2015-07-28 Online:2015-08-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于BB84协议，利用挑战-应答机制，提出了一种量子密钥分发协议。发送方Alice和接收方Bob通过安全信道共享三个不同的Hash函数( ，和 )，以及随机比特串。在每次密钥分发时，Alice产生随机比特串（挑战信息）和（密钥），结合和，基于BB84协议产生光子串；Alice将和发送给Bob，Bob接收到对应的和光子串；Bob利用，结合和，基于BB84协议对光子串进行测量得到。理想情况下共享密钥。另外，Bob利用，，及产生应答序列；Alice和Bob利用各自拥有的序列及分别产生序列和，并对各自的做更新。在密钥分发过程中光子的利用率为百分百，该协议既有BB84协议类似的安全性，又有单向身份认证功能。

关键词: 量子光学, 量子密钥分发协议, 挑战-应答机制, BB84协议, 光子利用率, 身份认证

Abstract:

A quantum key distribution protocol based on BB84 protocol and a challenge-response mechanism is proposed. Through a secure channel, Alice and Bob have pre-shared three different Hash functions (denoted by , and ) and a random bit string . Every time, Alice first generates two random bit strings (challenge) and (key), then prepares a photon sequence based on BB84 protocol using , , and . Alice sends and to Bob and Bob receives the corresponding and . Bob measures according to BB84 protocol and gets corresponding . In the ideal case, should be the same as . Bob uses , , and to generate (response). At last, Alice and Bob use their own sequences and to generate and respectively, then they update their own . In our protocol, the utilization rate of photons is 100. The security of the protocol is similar as that of the BB84 protocol. Furthermore, it is a one-way identification authentication protocol.

Key words: quantum optics, quantum key distribution protocol, challenge-response mechanism, BB84 protocol, utilization rate of photons, identification authentication

中图分类号:

O431.2

王海红赵生妹巩龙延. 基于挑战-应答机制的量子密钥分发协议[J]. J4, 2015, 32(4): 452-458.

WANG Hai-hong, ZHAO Sheng-mei, GONG Long-yan. A Quantum Key Distribution Protocol Based on Challenge-Response Mechanism[J]. J4, 2015, 32(4): 452-458.

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