基于真空涨落的高速量子随机数产生

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2023.06.013

量子电子学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 933-942.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2023.06.013

基于真空涨落的高速量子随机数产生

金振阳 1, 万相奎 1*, 廖涛 1, 陈柳平

( 1 湖北工业大学太阳能高效利用及储能运行控制湖北省重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430068; 2 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司, 北京 102629 )

收稿日期:2022-07-22 修回日期:2022-08-22 出版日期:2023-11-28 发布日期:2023-11-28
通讯作者: E-mail: xkwan@hbut.edu.cn E-mail:E-mail: xkwan@hbut.edu.cn
作者简介:金振阳 ( 1998 - ), 湖北武汉人, 研究生, 主要从事量子通信方面的研究。E-mail: 1105989018@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金 (61571182)

High speed quantum random number generation based on vacuum fluctuations

JIN Zhenyang 1 JIN Zhenyang 1 , WAN Xiangkui 1* , LIAO Tao 1 , CHEN Liuping 2

( 1 Hubei Key Laboratory for High-efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy and Operation Control of Energy Storage System, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; 2 QUDOOR, Beijing 102629, China )

Received:2022-07-22 Revised:2022-08-22 Published:2023-11-28 Online:2023-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着量子密钥分发 (QKD) 系统的深入研究与应用, 随机数的质量和产生速率面临着更大的挑战。为了满足随机数在QKD系统以及对于密钥安全性要求较高的场景下的使用, 提出一种基于真空涨落产生真随机数的实验方案。相比于传统方案使用的2 × 2偏振分束器 (BS), 该方案采用单模1 × 2的BS来实现光路的传输, 不仅节省了装置成本, 同时还得到了较高的随机数产生速率。在9.68 dBm光强的作用下, 得到量子噪声与经典噪声的信噪比为 11.92 dB。对通过12 bit的模数转换器采集到的数据进行分析, 结果显示经典噪声和真空散粒噪声均符合高斯分布, 通过计算得到最小熵为9.92, 原始数据经过安全性可被信息论证明的托普利茨 (Toeplitz) 后处理, 最终实现7.6 Gbit/s 的量子随机数产生, 并且通过了Nist随机数标准测试, 验证了方案的可行性。

关键词: 量子通信, 真空涨落, 量子随机数, 最小熵, 后处理

Abstract: With the deeper research and application of quantum key distribution (QKD), the quality and generation rate of random numbers are facing greater challenges. In order to meet the use of random numbers in QKD system and in the scenarios with high requirements for key security, an experimental scheme for generating true random numbers based on vacuum fluctuations is presented. Compared with the 2 × 2 polarization beam splitter (BS) used in traditional solution, a single mode 1 × 2 BS is used in the proposed scheme to realize the transmission of optical path, which not noly saves device costs but also obtains a high random number generation rate. Under the action of 9.68 dBm light intensity, the signal-tonoise ratio of quantum noise to classical noise of 11.92 dB is obtained. The data collected through a 12 bits analog-to-digital converter is analyzed. The results show that both the classical noise and the vacuum shot noise are in accordance with Gaussian distribution, and the calculated minimum entropy is 9.92. The original data is subjected to Toeplitz post-processing, whose security can be proved according to information theory. Finally, the quantum random number generation with the rate of 7.6 Gbit /s is acheived, and it successfullly passes the NIST random number standard test, verifying the feasibility of the scheme.

Key words: quantum communication, vacuum fluctuation, quantum random number, minimum entropy, post processing

中图分类号:

TN202
O413

金振阳 , 万相奎 , 廖涛 , 陈柳平 . 基于真空涨落的高速量子随机数产生[J]. 量子电子学报, 2023, 40(6): 933-942.

JIN Zhenyang , WAN Xiangkui , LIAO Tao , CHEN Liuping . High speed quantum random number generation based on vacuum fluctuations[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2023, 40(6): 933-942.

参考文献

[1]Li Geng.Research status of quantum communication tech-nology[J].Electronic components and information tech-nology, 2022, 6(03):111-113
[2]Liu Tiejun, Ding Lin.Random number generator in cryptog-raphyJournal of Qingdao Institute of architecture and Engineering,[J].Journal of Qingdao Institute of architecture and Engineering, 2004, 1(4):96-99
[3] Lundow P H, Markstr?m K.Efficient Computation of Permanents, with Applications to Boson Sampling and Random Matrices[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 2022, 45: 00219991[J].Journal of Computational Physics, 2022, 1(45): 00219991- 00219991
[4]Wang Yong, Gong Jian, Wang Mingyue.A pseudo-random number generator for integer chaotic mapping[J].Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2022, 45(01):58-62
[5]Naveen J, Shatheesh S.Provably Secure Data Sharing Approach for Personal Health Records in Cloud Storage Using Session Password,Data Access Key,and Circular Interpolation[J].International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 2021, 17(4):76-98
[6] Stefanov A, Gisin N, Guinnard O, et al.Optical Quantum Random Number Generator.[J].Journal of Modern Optic, 2000, 47(4):595-598
[7]Tisa S, Villa F, Giudice A, et al.High-Speed Quantum Random Number Generation Using CMOS Photon Counting Detectors[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2015, 21(3):23-29
[8]Huang M, Chen Z, Zhang Y.et alA Phase Fluctuation Based Practical Quantum Random Number Generator Scheme with Delay-Free Structure[J].Applied Sciences, 2020, 10(7):2431-2431
[9] Guo X，Liu R, Li P, et al.Enhancing Extractable Quantum Entropy in Vacuum-Based Quantum Random Number Generator[J].Entropy, 2018, 20(11):123-127
[10] Wei Wei, Xie Guodong, Dang Anhong et al.High-Speed and Bias-Free Optical Random Number Generator[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2012, 24(6) 437-439[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2012, 24(6):437-439
[11]Abellá C, Amaya W, Jofre M, et al.Ultra-fast quantum randomness generation by accelerated phase diffusion in a pulsed laser diode[J].Optics express, 2014, 22(2):1645-1654
[12] H W N.Study on the practical security of vacuum quan-tum random number generator[D]. Beijing：Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. 2020 黄伟楠.真空态量子随机数发生器的实际安全性研究[D].北京：北京邮电大学, 2020.
[13] L R P, Research on high entropy quantum random number generation and entropy source quantization based on vacuum state[D] Taiyuan：Taiyuan University of Tech-nology.2019 刘日鹏.基于真空态高熵量子随机数产生及熵源量化研究[D].太原理工大学, 2019.
[14] Z X G.High speed quantum random number generator based on laser phase fluctuation[D]. Anhui: University of Science and Technology of China. 2017 张晓光.基于激光相位波动的高速量子随机数发生器[D].中国科学技术大学, 2017.

[1]	朱孟正 , 苏梦远 , 公丕锋 , 张金锋 . 空间纠缠协助下对低纠缠 GHZ 态的确定性纠缠纯化[J]. 量子电子学报, 2023, 40(6): 943-951.
[2]	郭瀚 , 李云霞 , 魏家华 , 唐杰 , 王俊辉. 基于GHZ态的多方半量子安全直接通信[J]. 量子电子学报, 2023, 40(5): 738-746.
[3]	唐世彪∗ , 李志 , 郑伟军 , 张万生 , 高松 , 李亚麟 , 程节 , 蒋连军. 量子密钥分发系统防死时间攻击方案研究[J]. 量子电子学报, 2023, 40(1): 95-103.
[4]	王跃, 张可佳, ∗, 韩睿. 基于量子中心的测量型量子保密求和协议[J]. 量子电子学报, 2023, 40(1): 104-111.
[5]	李天秀, 石磊∗, 王俊辉, 李佳豪. 基于深度学习的量子信号大气衰减系数预测[J]. 量子电子学报, 2022, 39(5): 786-794.
[6]	唐晓帆. 基于微环谐振腔的宽带纠缠源制备方案[J]. 量子电子学报, 2022, 39(3): 418-422.
[7]	周文婷, 王鑫, 卞宇翔, ∗, 乔涵, 冯宝, . 基于极化码的连续变量量子密钥分发多维逆向协商协议[J]. 量子电子学报, 2021, 38(4): 460-467.
[8]	冯宝, ∗, 赵子岩 , 贾玮, 窦天琦 , 周芬, 孙钟齐 , 马海强. 基于波分复用技术的参考系无关量子密钥分发[J]. 量子电子学报, 2021, 38(3): 346-353.
[9]	王蕊聪, ∗, 冯雁, . 基于量子求和的安全多方量子排序协议[J]. 量子电子学报, 2021, 38(3): 354-364.
[10]	叶萌, 徐立坤, 黄观金, 李建辉, 刘云∗. 新型设备无关量子密钥分配协议研究[J]. 量子电子学报, 2021, 38(1): 45-49.
[11]	余松, 柏明强, 唐茜, 莫智文, ∗. 基于三粒子类GHZ态的受控量子安全直接通信协议[J]. 量子电子学报, 2021, 38(1): 57-65.
[12]	彭家寅. 基于十粒子纠缠态的三方受控联合远程态制备[J]. 量子电子学报, 2021, 38(1): 66-74.
[13]	彭家寅. 任意二量子态的混合双向受控量子通信[J]. 量子电子学报, 2020, 37(1): 50-56.
[14]	彭家寅. 四量子纠缠态的可选远程态制备[J]. 量子电子学报, 2019, 36(6): 719-726.
[15]	黄超李云霞石磊蒙文杨汝. 非线性效应对量子模分复用系统误码率的影响分析[J]. 量子电子学报, 2019, 36(4): 444-449.

基于真空涨落的高速量子随机数产生

High speed quantum random number generation based on vacuum fluctuations

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价