无中心的量子匿名一票否决方案

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2024.06.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了去除投票方案中的可信第三方, 引入了一个新的安全多方计算概念, 即安全多方析取。基于局域操作和 Bell态的纠缠交换, 本文提出了一个量子安全多方析取协议。进而, 基于该基础协议, 构造了一种新颖的量子匿名一票否决投票方案。该投票方案具有完备的安全属性, 且无第三方参与计票, 所有投票者能够共同计算出投票结果。同时引入区块链进行监督, 使得投票者能够验证在极端情况下的投票内容。投票方案使用Bell态作为量子资源, 仅执行局域单光子Pauli变换和Bell测量操作, 因此在现有量子信息处理技术下易于实现。最后, 在IBM Qiskit平台中对推荐的投票方案进行了仿真实验, 仿真结果验证了方案的正确性和可行性。

关键词: 量子光学, 量子投票, 纠缠交换, 量子安全多方计算, Bell态, 一票否决

Abstract: To remove any trusted third party from the voting scheme, a new concept of secure multiparty computations is defined, i.e., secure multiparty disjunction(SMD), and then a quantum SMD protocol is presented by using local operators and entanglement swapping of Bell states. Based on this primitive protocol of secure multiparty computations, a novel quantum anonymous one-vote veto scheme is constructed, which can meet complete security attributes. Expecially, this scheme does not need any third party to count the votes, while all voters can calculate the voting results together. At the same time, BlockChain is introduced for supervision, so that the voters can verify the validity of the voting content under extreme circumstances. The voting scheme takes Bell states as quantum resource and only performs local single-particle Pauli operators and Bell measurements, so it is feasible to implement this scheme with the present quantum information processing technology. Finally, the proposed voting scheme is simulated in IBM Qiskit, and the simulation results show that this scheme is correct and feasible.

Key words: quantum optics, quantum voting, entanglement swapping, quantum secure multiparty computation, Bell state, one-vote veto

中图分类号:

TN918.1

徐小桐 , 石润华 , 柯唯阳 , 于辉. 无中心的量子匿名一票否决方案[J]. 量子电子学报, 2024, 41(6): 901-913.

XU Xiaotong, SHI Runhua , KE Weiyang, YU Hui . Decentralized quantum anonymous one⁃vote veto scheme[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2024, 41(6): 901-913.

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