海洋表层系统对水下量子信道传输性能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2026.05.014

量子电子学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 825-837.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2026.05.014

海洋表层系统对水下量子信道传输性能的影响

张秀再 1,2*, 葛羽洁 1, 赵宇婕 1, 张薇薇 1

1 南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院, 江苏南京 210044; 2 南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210044

收稿日期:2024-09-03 修回日期:2024-12-07 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-09-30
通讯作者: E-mail: zxzhering@163.com E-mail:zxzhering@163.com
作者简介:张秀再 ( 1979 - ), 江苏沛县人, 博士, 教授, 硕士生导师, 主要从事气象通信技术与安全、量子通信方面的研究。 E-mail: zxzhering@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目 (11504176, 61601230)

Effect of the marine surface system on the transmission performance of underwater quantum channels

ZHANG Xiuzai 1,2*, GE Yujie 1, ZHAO Yujie 1, ZHANG Weiwei 1

1 School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,
Nanjing 210044, China;
2 Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology,
Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2024-09-03 Revised:2024-12-07 Published:2026-09-28 Online:2026-09-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 量子通信因其良好的保密性而备受关注。然而, 光量子信号在从海洋表面向水下传输时, 不可避免地受到海水中水分子、泡沫粒子和叶绿素粒子的干扰, 从而限制了其传输距离和传输质量。为研究海洋表层系统对水下量子通信信道性能的影响, 首先建立了海洋表层系统的消光效应模型, 并利用该模型研究了海洋表层系统不同参数对水下量子通信透过率和链路衰减的影响; 进而针对幅值阻尼信道, 探究了海洋表层系统环境下入射光波长、传输深度与信道容量、信道生存函数的关系; 此外, 还深入探究了量子密钥分发过程中的信道误码率及成码率。结果表明, 在入射波长为400~800 nm 时, 随着入射光波长的减小和传输深度的增大, 水下量子信道的链路衰减和系统误码率不断增大, 信道透过率、信道容量、信道生存函数以及系统成码率逐渐减小。

关键词: 量子通信, 海洋表层系统, 信道容量, 误码率, 成码率

Abstract: Quantum communication has attracted significant attention because of its high confidentiality. Nevertheless, when optical quantum signals are transmitted from the ocean surface to the underwater, they inevitably encounter attenuation due to interactions with water molecules, bubble particles, and chlorophyll particles in the seawater, which restricts their transmission range and quality. To investigate the impact of the marine surface system on the performance of underwater quantum communication channels, a model is first established to elucidate the extinction effects of the marine surface system in this work. The model facilitates the examination of how varying parameters of the marine surface system influence the transmission efficiency and link attenuation in underwater quantum communications. Furthermore, with a focus on amplitude damping channels, the study investigates the relationship between incident light wavelength, transmission depth and channel capacity, channel survival function in the marine surface system environment. In addition, the effects of the marine surface system on bit error rate and coding rate during the quantum key distribution process are also examined. The findings reveal that when the incident wavelength is in the range of 400–800 nm, as the incident light wavelength decreases and the transmission depth increases, the link attenuation and system bit error rate of underwater quantum channels increase, while the channel transmittance, channel capacity, channel survival function, and system coding rate progressively decline.

Key words: quantum communication, marine surface system, channel capacity, bit error rate, coding rate

中图分类号:

张秀再 , 葛羽洁 , 赵宇婕 , 张薇薇 . 海洋表层系统对水下量子信道传输性能的影响[J]. 量子电子学报, 2026, 43(5): 825-837.

ZHANG Xiuzai , GE Yujie , ZHAO Yujie , ZHANG Weiwei . Effect of the marine surface system on the transmission performance of underwater quantum channels[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2026, 43(5): 825-837.

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海洋表层系统对水下量子信道传输性能的影响

Effect of the marine surface system on the transmission performance of underwater quantum channels

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