基于里德堡原子的通信技术 (特邀)

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2025.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于里德堡原子的电场测量技术在灵敏度、工作频段、可溯源性和抗干扰性等方面有着显著的优势, 有望取代无线电通信技术中的传统天线。近年来, 利用里德堡原子的传感和通信技术发展迅速。基于里德堡原子开展电场测量依据的基本原理为电磁诱导透明 (EIT), 通过测量EIT光谱对载波信号的实时响应, 里德堡原子不用解调就可以恢复基带信号。本文综述了基于里德堡原子天线的通信技术在实验中取得的进展, 其中包括该天线对调幅和调频信号的还原能力、以及对载波相位的测量工作; 还讨论了影响里德堡原子天线信道容量、瞬时带宽和灵敏度的主要因素; 最后, 对该技术的发展方向作出了展望。

关键词: 量子技术, 里德堡原子, 原子天线, 无线电通信

Abstract: The electric field measurement technology based on Rydberg atoms has significant advantages in sensitivity, operating frequency band, traceability and anti-interference, and is expected to replace the traditional antenna in radio communication technology. In recent years, sensing and communication technologies using Rydberg atoms have developed rapidly. The basic principle of electric field measurement based on Rydberg atom is electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). By measuring the real-time response of EIT spectrum to carrier signal, Rydberg atoms can recover baseband signal without demodulation. This paper reviews the experimental progress in communication technologies based on Rydberg atomic antennas, including their capabilities in reconstructing amplitude-modulated and frequency-modulated signals, as well as carrier phase measurement. It also discusses the key factors affecting the channel capacity, instantaneous bandwidth, and sensitivity of Rydberg atomic antennas. Finally, the development direction of this technology is prospected.

Key words: quantum technology, Rydberg atom, atomic antenna, radio communication

中图分类号:

O431.2

肖圣贤, 张加宸, 汪涛, 张学锋 . 基于里德堡原子的通信技术 (特邀)[J]. 量子电子学报, 2025, 42(4): 476-489.

XIAO Shengxian, ZHANG Jiachen, WANG Tao , ZHANG Xuefeng . Communication technology based on Rydberg atoms[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2025, 42(4): 476-489.

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