辐射制冷技术的物理基础与研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2023.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着现代社会能源与极端气候问题日益严峻, 零能耗的辐射制冷技术越来越受到人们的关注与重视。从 2014 年日间辐射制冷首次被实验实现以来, 辐射制冷技术已从结构设计、材料选择、制备工艺、集成应用等多个角度被广泛研究, 产生了包括镀膜、涂层、柔性薄膜、织物等多种类型的器件。新的研究也越来越重视辐射制冷在场景兼容性以及环境、气候自适应性等方面的需求。开发多场景兼容、自适应环境变化且具有动态热调控能力的新型辐射制冷器件, 对辐射制冷技术的实用化以及能源、医疗、工业生产等领域都有着重要意义。本文围绕辐射制冷技术所运用的基础物理原理与光子学结构设计, 综述了辐射制冷器件的基本技术与其在场景兼容、温度自适应热调控等方面的进展。首先介绍了辐射制冷技术的原理与基本设计方法, 随后重点介绍了一些典型的辐射制冷结构以及实现多场景兼容与自适应动态调控辐射制冷器件的主要进展, 最后对辐射制冷器件的发展进行了总结与展望。

关键词: 光学器件, 辐射制冷, 微纳结构, 动态热调控

Abstract: With the increasingly serious energy problems and extreme climate in modern society, radiative cooling technology with zero-energy consumption has attracted much attention from the related scientiﬁc community. Since the ﬁrst experimental demonstration of daytime radiative cooling in 2014, the technology has been widely studied from the perspectives of structural design, material selection, preparation process, integrated application, etc., resulting in the development of various types of devices including coatings, paintings, ﬂexible ﬁlms, fabrics, etc. New research is putting forward new requirements in terms of scene compatibility, environmental and climate adaptability. So the realization of new types of radiative cooling device that is compatible with multiple scenarios, adaptive to environmental changes, and has dynamic thermal control capabilities is of great signiﬁcance to the practical application of radiative cooling technology in ﬁelds such as energy, medical, and industrial production. This paper focuses on the basic physical principles and photonics structure designs of radiative cooling technology, and summarizes the basic technology of radiative cooling devices and their progress in scene compatibility, temperature adaptive thermal regulation, etc. Firstly, the principle and basic design method of radiative cooling technology are expounded, then some typical radiative cooling structures and the main progress of realizing multi-scenario compatibility and adaptive dynamic regulation of radiative cooling devices are introduced, and at last, the development of radiative cooling devices is summarized and prospected.

Key words: optical devices, radiative cooling, micro/nano structures, dynamic thermal regulation

中图分类号:

O436.2

片思杰, 夏林骁, 田哲源, 李赓, 王铸宁, 马耀光, ∗. 辐射制冷技术的物理基础与研究进展[J]. 量子电子学报, 2023, 40(1): 1-21.

PIAN Sijie , , XIA Linxiao , TIAN Zheyuan , LI Geng , , WANG Zhuning , , MA Yaoguang , ∗. Fundamentals and research progress of radiative cooling technology[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2023, 40(1): 1-21.

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