One⁃step implementation of a three⁃qubit hybrid Toffoli gate based on a superconducting system

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2026.04.005

Abstract

Abstract: The Toffoli gate is a crucial class of quantum logic gates essential for quantum state manipulation and quantum algorithms. Addressing the challenge of high implementation complexity for the Toffoli gate in quantum computation, we propose a novel theoretical scheme for realizing a three-qubit Toffoli gate based on a superconducting system. By designing a hybrid system comprising two microwave cavities and a four-level superconducting artificial atom, and utilizing dispersive coupling and second-order perturbation theory to derive an effective Hamiltonian, we successfully construct an evolution subspace enabling the Toffoli gate operation. This scheme accomplishes the three-qubit controlled logic operation in a single step, significantly enhancing computational efficiency. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the Toffoli gate operation maintains relatively high average fidelity even when considering microwave cavity coupling to non-target levels, inter-cavity crosstalk, and decoherence effects. Furthermore, this design is extendable to other quantum systems, providing a universal framework for the efficient implementation of three-qubit hybrid Toffoli gates.

Key words: quantum computation, superconducting system, hybrid quantum gate, Toffoli gate

CLC Number:

O431.2

KANG Yihao, SU Qiping, YANG Chuiping . One⁃step implementation of a three⁃qubit hybrid Toffoli gate based on a superconducting system[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2026, 43(4): 549-563.

References

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