Impact of ionizing radiation on superconducting qubits and mitigation strategies

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2026.02.012

Abstract

Abstract: Superconducting quantum computing is one of the mainstream technical routes for implementing quantum computing. Extending the coherence time of superconducting qubits can enhance the accuracy of quantum computation and increase the depth of quantum circuits. Although the coherence time of superconducting qubits has been increased from less than 1 ns in 1999 to over 1 ms today, superconducting qubits are still far from practical utility. Therefore, research on the coherence time of superconducting qubits is still very important. Recent studies have found that ionizing radiation causes decoherence with associated errors for superconducting qubits. This paper first systematically summarizes the effects of ionizing radiation on superconducting qubits. Ionizing radiation can lead to an increase in the density of nonequilibrium quasiparticles and two-level defects in superconducting quantum chips, and these excess nonequilibrium quasiparticles and two-level defects can directly affect the coherence time of superconducting qubits. Subsequently, four strategies for reducing the effect of ionizing radiation are discussed in detail. Finally, the future research directions in this field are envisioned.

Key words: superconducting quantum computing, superconducting quantum qubits, ionizing radiation, coherence time

CLC Number:

O562.4

FENG Xuefei , LIU Jianing , , FAN Kaizhe , , YANG Tian , LIU Xingjiang , YUAN Benzheng , HE Haoran , WANG Weilong . Impact of ionizing radiation on superconducting qubits and mitigation strategies[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2026, 43(2): 297-318.

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