基于光晶格原子钟的量子精密测量 (特邀, 封面文章）

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2025.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光晶格原子钟凭借其超高频率分辨的钟跃迁探测、极高的频率稳定度和准确度、光频域的钟跃迁、纯净的原子初态制备和超长的量子态相干操控时间等特点, 在量子精密测量领域发挥着重要作用。利用光晶格原子钟钟跃迁频率对电场、磁场、温度和重力加速度等物理量敏感的特点, 可以通过设计实验来定量确定待测物理量与钟跃迁频率以及跃迁速率的关系, 并结合相关理论推导出待测量。本文综述了光晶格原子钟在量子精密测量方面的典型应用, 包括时间频率测量、广义相对论的检验、基本物理常数随时间变化的测量和原子物理研究等。

关键词: 量子信息, 光晶格原子钟, 量子精密测量, 光与原子相互作用, 光晶格

Abstract: Optical lattice atomic clocks play a crucial role in the field of quantum precision measurement due to their excellent characteristics, such as ultra-high frequency resolution for clock transition detection, extremely high frequency stability and accuracy, optical frequency domain clock transitions, pure atomic initial state preparation, and ultra-long quantum state coherence time. Taking advantage of the sensitivity of the clock transition frequency of optical lattice atomic clocks to physical quantities such as electric field, magnetic field, temperature, and gravitational acceleration, experiments can be designed to quantitatively determine the relationship between the quantities to be measured and the clock transition frequency and transition rate, and then combining with relevant theoretical frameworks to infer the value of the quantities being measured. This paper reviews the typical applications of optical lattice atomic clocks in quantum precision measurements, including time-frequency measurement, the test of general relativity, the measurement of the variation of fundamental physical constants with time, and atomic physics research.

Key words: quantum information, optical lattice atomic clock, quantum precision measurement, lightatom interaction, optical lattice

中图分类号:

卢晓同, 常宏, . 基于光晶格原子钟的量子精密测量 (特邀, 封面文章）[J]. 量子电子学报, 2025, 42(4): 437-449.

LU Xiaotong , , CHANG Hong , . Quantum precision measurement based on optical lattice atomic clocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2025, 42(4): 437-449.

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