量子电子学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 574-583.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2025.04.013

• “量子精密测量与应用” 专辑 • 上一篇    

基于离散正弦波调频的 CPT 原子钟 微波调制方法

黄鹏翔 1, 廉吉庆 2,3, 祝诚勇 4, 李理敏 1, 潘 多 5*, 陈景标 5,6   

  1. 1 温州大学电气与电子工程学院, 浙江 温州 325035; 2 兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000; 3 西安电子科技大学机电工程学院, 陕西 西安 710071; 4 北京邮电大学电子工程学院, 北京 100876; 5 北京大学电子学院, 北京 100871; 6 合肥国家实验室, 安徽 合肥 230088
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-06 修回日期:2025-01-06 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2025-07-28
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: panduo@pku.edu.cn E-mail:E-mail: panduo@pku.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:黄鹏翔 ( 2000 - ), 浙江温州人, 研究生, 主要从事信号处理方面的研究。E-mail: wzuhpx@stu.wzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    北京市科技新星计划 (20240484696), 科技创新2030 "量子通信与量子计算机" 重大项目 (2021ZD0303200)

Microwave modulation method for CPT atomic clocks based on discrete sine wave frequency modulation

HUANG Pengxiang1 , LIAN Jiqing 2,3 , ZHU Chengyong4 , LI Limin1 , PAN Duo5*, CHEN Jingbiao5,6   

  1. 1 College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; 2 Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China; 3 School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China; 4 School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China; 5 School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 6 Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
  • Received:2024-11-06 Revised:2025-01-06 Published:2025-07-28 Online:2025-07-28

摘要: 传统二进制频移键控 (2FSK) 调制的微波信号存在频谱边带展宽的问题, 这会间接影响各个光频成分对碱 金属原子跃迁的作用, 进而限制相干布居囚禁 (CPT) 原子钟的守时性能。本文通过分析不同调制方式的微波信号对 原子吸收线型和鉴频信号的影响, 提出了一种基于离散正弦波调频 (DSWFM) 的微波调制方法, 利用直接数字调制 技术实现载波多频率连续切换, 大大降低了频谱的边带宽度。实测结果表明, 相比传统2FSK调制, 基于DSWFM调 制下的CPT原子钟在1 s、10 s和100 s平均时间下的频率稳定度分别提升了约17%、36%和48%。

关键词: 光电子学, 频率稳定度, 离散正弦波调频, 相干布居囚禁原子钟, 二进制频移键控

Abstract: In traditional binary frequency shift keying (2FSK) modulation, broad sidebands in the microwave signal indirectly impact alkali metal atom transitions at different optical frequencies, which will limit the accuracy of coherent population trapping (CPT) atomic clock. This paper proposes a microwave modulation method based on discrete sine wave frequency modulation (DSWFM), which uses direct digital modulation for dynamic carrier hopping, significantly narrowing the spectral sidebands. The measured results show that compared with the traditional 2FSK modulation, the frequency stabilities of CPT atomic clock at 1 s, 10 s, and 100 s intervals based on DSWFM modulation are improved by about 17%, 36% and 48%, respectively.

Key words: optoelectronics, frequency stability, discrete sine wave frequency modulation, coherent population trapping atomic clock, binary frequency-shift keying

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