多普勒测风激光雷达的基本原理与技术进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风场是水循环、碳循环、气溶胶、污染气体及雾霾的主要动力, 也是大气湍流、风能发电厂、数值天气预报和环保等领域的重要参数。多普勒激光雷达利用多普勒效应, 通过探测发射激光的频率漂移, 可以获得大气风场参数, 因此在众多领域具有重要的应用。首先介绍了多普勒效应和测风激光雷达技术的基本原理, 然后分别从原理和实际应用方面对多普勒测风激光雷达进行了分类。进而系统介绍了相干探测与非相干探测、连续光探测与脉冲光探测、单边缘技术与双边缘技术、FP 条纹与Fizeau 条纹技术、VAD 与DBS 扫描等相关技术。最后简要地介绍了地基、机载与星载测风激光雷达的实例, 以及测风激光雷达新技术, 并对多普勒测风激光雷达技术进行了总结与展望。

关键词: 大气光学, 测风技术, 激光雷达, 直接探测, 相干探测, 外差技术, 遥感

Abstract: Using optical Doppler effect, Doppler lidar can obtain atmospheric wind parameters with high temporal and spatial resolution by detecting the frequency drift of the emitted laser. The technology has provided a wide range of applications, such as aircraft wake detection, atmospheric turbulence detection, wind shear detection near the airport, and application in wind farms. Firstly, the basic principle of Doppler effect and wind lidar technology is introduced, and then the Doppler wind lidar is classified based on principle and practical application. Then different technologies, such as coherent detection and direct detection, continuous lidar detection and pulse lidar detection, single-edge technology and double-edge technology, FP fringe technology and Fizeau fringe technology, VAD and DBS scanning, are systematically introduced. Finally, some examples of ground-based, airborne and spaceborne wind lidar, as well as the new wind lidar technology, are briefly introduced, and the Doppler wind lidar technology is summarized and prospected.

Key words: atmospheric optics, wind measurement technology, lidar, direct detection, coherent detection, heterodyne technology, remote sensing

中图分类号:

储玉飞, 刘东, 王珍珠, 吴德成, 邓迁, 李路, 庄鹏, 王英俭, ∗. 多普勒测风激光雷达的基本原理与技术进展[J]. 量子电子学报, 2020, 37(5): 580-600.

Basic principle and technical progress of Doppler wind lidar. Basic principle and technical progress of Doppler wind lidar[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2020, 37(5): 580-600.

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